Non-compliance and Sanctions tracks instances where a company - or its subsidiaries, directors, employees or contractors - has violated laws, regulations, licences, court orders or binding voluntary standards, and the penalties or enforcement actions that follow. It covers:

• administrative fines, monetary penalties, consent decrees, injunctions, bans or suspensions issued by regulators or courts for breaches in areas such as environment, labour, human rights, product safety, antitrust, data protection and financial reporting;
criminal convictions of the entity or its personnel, deferred-prosecution and non-prosecution agreements;loss or suspension of permits, certifications or listings;settlement payments, remediation orders and mandated corrective-action plans;public disclosures of material non-compliance events, associated financial impacts and remediation progress, aligned with frameworks like GRI 2-27, EU ESRS cross-cutting requirements and stock-exchange listing rules.